Fiber optic patch cables are identical to coaxial cables in structure, with the exception that fiber jumpers do not have a mesh shielding layer and the center is a glass core for light propagation. A glass envelope surrounds the core, followed by a thin plastic jacket (PVC or Teflon) on the outside.

It's crucial to understand the distinction between fiber patch cords and pigtails. The pigtail has only one end with a connector plug, while the other end is a broken end of a fiber optic cable core that is fusion spliced to other fiber optic cable cores. Couplers, jumpers, and other similar devices are also employed). The jumper has moveable connectors on both sides. Interfaces come in a variety of shapes and sizes. Different couplers are required for different interfaces. The jumper has two sections and can be worn as a pigtail.